Capacitor Discharge Resistor Calculator

Calculate safe discharge resistor values for capacitor circuits

Capacitor Discharge Resistor Calculator

Compliant with IEC 60384 Safety Standards

Results:

Discharge Resistor: 0.00 Ω

Time Constant (τ): 0.00 s

Power Rating: 0.00 W

Energy Dissipated: 0.00 J

Peak Current: 0.00 A

Calculation Details

How to Use the Capacitor Discharge Resistor Calculator

Step 1: Enter Capacitor Specifications

  1. Input the capacitance value in microfarads (µF)
  2. Enter the initial voltage across the capacitor
  3. Specify the desired discharge time in seconds
  4. Choose appropriate safety factor (2 recommended)

Step 2: Select Discharge Level

  1. Choose discharge level percentage
  2. 5% (3 time constants) is recommended for safety
  3. Lower percentages provide safer discharge
  4. Higher percentages discharge faster but less safe

Step 3: Calculate and Interpret

  1. Click "Calculate" to get resistor value
  2. Check power rating for resistor selection
  3. Verify energy dissipation requirements
  4. Use results for safe circuit design

Capacitor Discharge Theory

RC Time Constant

The time constant (τ) determines discharge rate:

  • τ = R × C (seconds)
  • After 1τ: 37% of initial voltage remains
  • After 3τ: 5% of initial voltage remains
  • After 5τ: 0.7% of initial voltage remains

Safety Considerations

  • Always use appropriate safety factors
  • Consider resistor power rating
  • Ensure proper heat dissipation
  • Follow electrical safety standards

Key Formulas:

Discharge Resistor: R = t / (C × ln(V₀/Vf))

Time Constant: τ = R × C

Power Rating: P = V₀² / (4 × R)

How to Calculate Capacitor Discharge Resistor

Basic Formula:
R = t / (C × ln(V₀/Vf))

Where:
R = Discharge resistor (Ω)
t = Discharge time (s)
C = Capacitance (F)
V₀ = Initial voltage (V)
Vf = Final voltage (V)

Step-by-Step Calculation Example

Given:

• Capacitance: 1000 µF (0.001 F)

• Initial Voltage: 400V

• Desired discharge time: 5 seconds

• Discharge to 5% (20V final voltage)

• Safety factor: 2

Step 1: Calculate basic resistor value

R = t / (C × ln(V₀/Vf))

R = 5 / (0.001 × ln(400/20))

R = 5 / (0.001 × ln(20))

R = 5 / (0.001 × 2.996)

R = 5 / 0.002996 = 1,669 Ω

Step 2: Apply safety factor

R_safe = R / Safety_Factor

R_safe = 1,669 / 2 = 835 Ω

Step 3: Calculate power rating

P = V₀² / (4 × R)

P = 400² / (4 × 835)

P = 160,000 / 3,340 = 47.9 W

Final Results:

Discharge Resistor: 835 Ω

Minimum Power Rating: 48 W

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