kW to Amps Calculator

Convert kilowatts to amperes for AC and DC electrical systems

kW to Amps Calculator

Compliant with IEC 60034 Standards

Typical values: Motors 0.8-0.9, Lighting 0.9-1.0, Resistive loads 1.0

Results:

Current (Amps): 0.00

Power (Watts): 0.00

Formula Used: -

How to Use the kW to Amps Calculator

AC Single Phase

  1. Select "AC" as system type
  2. Choose "Single Phase" configuration
  3. Enter power in kilowatts (kW)
  4. Input line-to-neutral voltage
  5. Set appropriate power factor (0.8-1.0)
  6. Click "Calculate Amps" for results

Common voltages: 120V, 240V (residential)

AC Three Phase

  1. Select "AC" as system type
  2. Choose three-phase configuration
  3. Enter power in kilowatts (kW)
  4. Input line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltage
  5. Set power factor based on load type
  6. Calculate to get current per phase

Common voltages: 208V, 240V, 480V, 600V (industrial)

DC Systems

  1. Select "DC" as system type
  2. Enter power in kilowatts (kW)
  3. Input DC voltage
  4. Power factor automatically set to 1.0
  5. Calculate for direct current

Common in solar, battery, and automotive systems

How to Calculate kW to Amps

Understanding the Conversion

AC Single Phase Formula

A = 1000 × kW / (PF × V)

Where:

  • A = Current in amperes
  • kW = Power in kilowatts
  • PF = Power factor (0-1)
  • V = Voltage (line-to-neutral)

AC Three Phase Formulas

Line-to-Line: A = 1000 × kW / (√3 × PF × V)

Line-to-Neutral: A = 1000 × kW / (3 × PF × V)

Three-phase systems are more efficient for high-power applications

DC Formula

I = 1000 × P / V

DC calculations are simpler as there's no power factor or phase considerations

Detailed Calculation Example

Example: 10 kW motor on 480V three-phase system with 0.85 power factor

Given:

  • Power (P) = 10 kW
  • Voltage (V) = 480V (line-to-line)
  • Power Factor (PF) = 0.85
  • System = Three-phase AC

Calculation:

Using formula: A = 1000 × kW / (√3 × PF × V)

A = 1000 × 10 / (√3 × 0.85 × 480)

A = 10,000 / (1.732 × 0.85 × 480)

A = 10,000 / 706.632

A = 14.15 Amps per phase

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage?

Line-to-line voltage is measured between any two phases in a three-phase system, while line-to-neutral voltage is measured between any phase and the neutral conductor. Line-to-line voltage is √3 times higher than line-to-neutral voltage in a balanced three-phase system.

How do I determine the correct power factor for my calculation?

Power factor depends on the load type: Resistive loads (heaters, incandescent lights) = 1.0, Inductive loads (motors, transformers) = 0.7-0.9, Capacitive loads = leading power factor. Check equipment nameplates or use typical values: motors 0.8-0.85, fluorescent lighting 0.9, LED lighting 0.9-0.95.

Why is the current different for single-phase vs three-phase systems?

Three-phase systems distribute power across three conductors, reducing the current per conductor compared to single-phase systems of the same power. This is why three-phase is preferred for high-power applications - it requires smaller conductors and is more efficient.

Can I use this calculator for motor starting current?

No, this calculator determines running current based on rated power. Motor starting current (inrush current) is typically 5-7 times higher than running current and requires separate calculations. Use motor starting current tables or consult manufacturer specifications.

What safety factors should I consider when sizing conductors?

Always apply appropriate safety factors and follow electrical codes. The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires conductors to be sized at 125% of continuous loads. Consider voltage drop, ambient temperature, and conductor bundling. Consult a qualified electrician for actual installations.

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